Class 11th| Botany chapter 1 plant tissue term II Viva-Voce Question Answers

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Q1.What are meristematic and permanent tissues ? Where are they present ?

Ans. Meristematic tissue grow throughout life and are present in root tip, shoot tip, leaf axil and cambium. Permanent tissues do not divide. These do specific functions, e.g., vascular and ground
tissues.

Q2. Name two (a)vascular and (b) Ground tissues.

Ans. (a) Xylem and phloem (b) Parenchyma and collenchyma.

Q3 Give the functions of the following: (a) Parenchyma cells (b) Collenchyma cells
(c) Aerenchyma cells.
Ans. (a) Parenehyma cells store food and help in short distance transport of food. It forms the  ground

(b) Collenchyma eells provide mechanical support.

(c) Aerenchyma cells contains air spaces in between the cells of aquatic plants and help them to float

Q3.Distinguish between (a) Axial parenehyma and ray parenchyma (b) Fibres and sclereids

Ans. (a) In axial parenchyma the cells are arranged vertically and are used for storage of food
water and minerals and their vertical, short distance transport. Ray parenchyma cells are arranged radially and bring about short distance lateral transportation.

(b) These are sclerenchyma cells which are dead. Fibres are elongated, flexible cells with tapering
ends. Sclereids are irregular, hard with thick walls and narrow lumen. Both provide support and strength.

Q5. Name some dead cells of plants. Why are they called dead ?

Ans. Sclerenchyma cells and tracheary elements of xylem. These lack protoplasm at maturity so are dead.

Q6.State various types of cells present in xylem and phloem tissues.

Ans. Xylem tissue contains(i ) Tracheary elements which are (a) Tracheids (b) Vessels (ii) Parenchyma
cells and (iii) Fibres. Phloem tissues contains: (i) Sieve tube elements which are (a) Sieve cells
and (6) Sieve elements. (ii) Parenchyma cells (iii) Companion cells and (iv) Fibres.

Q7. Tracheids as well as vessels both carry water in xylem. What is the difference between
them?

Ans. Vessels have open ends and pitted and balls and tracheids have pits.

Q8. State the major cells present in the shells of peanut.

Ans. Sclerenchyma.

Q.9. What is the difference between exarch and endarch protoxylem? Where are thes
seen?

Ans. When the protoxylem is towards periphery of its axis it is called exarch and when it is towards
centre it is called endarch. These are seen in root and stem respectively.

Q10. What is protoxylem lacunae ?

Ans. At maturity of plant the protoxylem becomes non-functional and gets obliterated, called
protoxylem lacunae.

Q11. Pick out the living cells from the following : (a) Sieve cells (b) Tracheids (e) Sclerenchyma.

Ans. Sieve cells.

Q12. Where are companion cells present ? What are they used for?

Ans. Companions cells are present in phloem for storage of food and its transportation.


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